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International Cloud Atlas : ウィキペディア英語版 | International Cloud Atlas
''International Cloud Atlas'' (also ''Cloud Atlas'') is a cloud atlas first published in 1896〔 and remaining in print since then. Its initial purposes included to aid in the training of meteorologists and to promote more consistent use of vocabulary describing clouds, both important for early weather forecasting. The first edition featured color plates of color photographs, then still a very new technology, yet was noted for being inexpensive. Numerous later editions have been published. ==First edition== Publication of the first edition was arranged by Hugo Hildebrand Hildebrandsson, Albert Riggenbach, and Léon Teisserenc de Bort, members of the Clouds Commission of the International Meteorological Committee aka International Meteorological Organization (now the World Meteorological Organization). It consists of color plates of clouds, and text in English, French, and German. Consequently, it had separate title pages in each language and is known also by its alternate titles ''Atlas international des nuages'' and ''Internationaler Wolkenatlas''. These were selected by the Clouds Commission, which also included Julius von Hann, Henrik Mohn, and Abbott Lawrence Rotch. The first edition featured printed color plates, rather than hand-colored plates. Most of the plates were color photographs, but also some paintings. A cirrus cloud was the first type of cloud illustrated, from a color photograph.〔 At the time, color photography was new, complicated, and expensive. Consequently, the Clouds Commission was unable to obtain suitable color photographs of all the cloud types, and they selected paintings to use as substitutes. The first edition was inspired in part by the observation of the English meteorologist Ralph Abercromby that clouds were of the same general kinds everywhere in the world. Abercromby and Hildebrandsson developed a new classification of clouds that was published in an earlier atlas, the 1890 ''Cloud Atlas'' by Hildebrandsson, Wladimir Köppen, and Georg von Neumayer. Other, similar works published prior to this were M. Weilbach's ''Nordeuropas Sky-former'' (Copenhagen, 1881), M. Singer's ''Wolkentafeln'' (Munich, 1892), ''Classificazione delle nubi'' by the Specola Vaticana (Rome, 1893), and the Rev. W. Clement Ley's ''Cloudland'' (London, 1894).
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